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South Tyrol (German and (:ˈsyːtiˌroːl, ˈzyːttiˌʁoːl); (イタリア語:Sudtirolo) (:suttiˈrɔːlo)), also known by its alternative Italian name Alto Adige (), is an autonomous province in northern Italy. It is one of the two autonomous provinces that make up the autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. The province has an area of and a total population of 511,750 inhabitants (31.12.2011). Its capital is the city of Bolzano (German: ''Bozen''; Ladin: ''Balsan'' or ''Bulsan''). Sixty-four percent of the population is Austro-Bavarian or Tyrolean and speaks German. Less than a quarter of the population speak Italian as their first language, mainly concentrated in and around the two largest cities (Bolzano and Merano), 4-5% speak Ladin as their first language and 12% cannot be identified as to first language preference since they are probably recent immigrants. South Tyrol is granted a considerable level of self-government, consisting of a large range of exclusive legislative and executive powers and a fiscal regime that allows the province to retain a large part of most levied taxes, while nevertheless remaining a net contributor to the national budget. As of 2011, South Tyrol is among the wealthiest regions in Italy and the European Union. In the wider context of the European Union, the province is one of the three members of the Euroregion of Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino, which corresponds almost exactly to the historical region of Tyrol.〔Cortina d'Ampezzo, Livinallongo/Buchenstein and Colle Santa Lucia, formerly parts of Tyrol, now belong to the region of Veneto.〕 == Name == ''South Tyrol'' (occasionally ''South Tirol'') is the term most commonly used in English for the province,〔Cf. for instance Antony E. Alcock, ''The History of the South Tyrol Question'', London: Michael Joseph, 1970; Rolf Steininger, ''South Tyrol: A Minority Conflict of the Twentieth Century'', New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 2003.〕 and its usage reflects that it was created from a portion of the southern part of the historic County of Tyrol. German and Ladin speakers usually refer to the area as ''Südtirol''; the Italian equivalent ''Sudtirolo'' (sometimes spelled ''Sud Tirolo'') is becoming increasingly common. ''Alto Adige'' (literally translated in English: "Upper Adige"), one of the Italian names for the province, is also used in English.〔(Cfr. for instance this article fom britishcouncil.org )〕 The term had been the name of political subdivisions along the Adige River in the time of Napoleon Bonaparte, who created the Department of Alto Adige, part of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. It was reused as the Italian name of the current province after its post-World War I creation, and was a symbol of the subsequent forced Italianization of South Tyrol. The official name of the province today in German is ''Autonome Provinz Bozen — Südtirol''. German speakers usually refer to it not as a ''Provinz'', but as a ''Land'' (like the Länder of Germany and Austria). Provincial institutions are referred to using the prefix ''Landes-'', such as ''Landesregierung'' (state government) and ''Landeshauptmann'' (governor).〔(Website of the Province )〕 The official name in Italian is ''Provincia autonoma di Bolzano — Alto Adige'', in Ladin ''Provinzia autonoma de Balsan/Bulsan — Südtirol''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「South Tyrol」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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